A Concise Summary Juz 1 Part 2 Hizb 4

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَالَّذِينَ هَادُوا وَالنَّصَارَىٰ وَالصَّابِئِينَ مَنْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا فَلَهُمْ أَجْرُهُمْ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ وَلَ خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ

• Indeed as for those who believe, those who are committed to guidance
• Those who are the helpers of Allah and those who keep their fitrah pure
• Who believe in Allah and the last day and do good deeds
• Will have no fear and no grief upon them
• This is the most misunderstood ayah
• There are 4 groups mentioned
• And not just any concept of faith but that faith which Allah expects
• Not your version of faith but the original version
• Then there are 3 aspects of faith mentioned
• There are three aspects of Iman believe in Allah message and afterlife
• Believe in the message can be further broken down into angels, books, and Messengers
• Here Allah mentioned Believe in Allah, the afterlife, and good deeds
• It does not say message explicitly
• Because the good deeds they did are based on the message
• You cannot know what to believe unless a Prophet or Messenger tells you
• Believe in the message is the central theme of this surah
• Even the ayah right after is about revelation

 

وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِيثَاقَكُمْ وَرَفَعْنَا فَوْقَكُمُ الطُّورَ خُذُوا مَا آتَيْنَاكُمْ بِقُوَّةٍ وَاذْكُرُوا مَا فِيهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ

• And remember when we took a covenant from you and raised over you the mountain
• A covenant where both parties know very clearly what they agree to
• Saying obey everything that is in this book
• Hold on to this book and take revelation seriously
• And remind yourselves of what is in it
• So that you can attain taqwa and protect yourselves
• The only way you can protect yourselves is by reminding yourselves of revelation
• In the message is the news of a coming Messenger
• This book offers guidance to the Mutaqoon
• The concept of salvation is the same for Bani Israel and us

 

ثُمَّ تَوَلَّيْتُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ ذَٰلِكَ ۖ فَلَوْلَا فَضْلُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَتُهُ لَكُنْتُمْ مِنَ الْخَاسِرِينَ

• Then all of you turned away even after the mountain was raised over you
• You had already been from the wrongdoers and the losers

 

وَلَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمُ الَّذِينَ اعْتَدَوْا مِنْكُمْ فِي السَّبْتِ فَقُلْنَا لَهُمْ كُونُوا قِرَدَةً خَاسِئِينَ

• And you already knew from amongst you those who violated the Sabbath
• We said to them become rejected and become apes
• Violating revelation leads to humiliation
• Sabbath could only be known through revelation

 

فَجَعَلْنَاهَا نَكَالًا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهَا وَمَا خَلْفَهَا وَمَوْعِظَةً لِلْمُتَّقِينَ

• Then we made it, the group of apes, as an example out of them
• He made that a scary warning and lesson for anyone who came after
• And a heart penetrating advice for those who want to protect themselves

 

وَإِذْ قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوْمِهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تَذْبَحُوا بَقَرَةً ۖ قَالُوا أَتَتَّخِذُنَا هُزُوًا ۖ قَالَ أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ أَنْ أَكُونَ مِنَ الْجَاهِلِينَ

• And when Musa said to his nation certainly Allah commands you to slaughter a cow
• A murder happened and Bani Isreal go to Musa
• And Musa says that Allah says to slaughter a cow
• This is the second time a cow is being mentioned
• Allah is testing where their loyalties are
• Even its color is yellow
• They said do you take us as a joke
• Musa said I seek refuge from Allah that I become from those who lose their temper
• Musa almost got angry after Bani Israel called him a joke

 

قَالُوا ادْعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ يُبَيِّنْ لَنَا مَا هِيَ ۚ قَالَ إِنَّهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّهَا بَقَرَةٌ لَا فَارِضٌ وَلَا بِكْرٌ عَوَانٌ بَيْنَ ذَٰلِكَ ۖ فَافْعَلُوا مَا تُؤْمَرُونَ

• They said could make dua to your Master what kind of cow is it
• Musa said certainly it is Allah who says it is neither too old or too young
• Musa tells them just do as you are told
• Just do it without even thinking about it

 

قَالُوا ادْعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ يُبَيِّنْ لَنَا مَا لَوْنُهَا ۚ قَالَ إِنَّهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّهَا بَقَرَةٌ صَفْرَاءُ فَاقِعٌ لَوْنُهَا تَسُرُّ النَّاظِرِينَ

• They said ask your Master again
• Verily all cows look alike to us
• Musa goes up and down the mountain again and again
• It is a days journey
• Musa says certainly Allah says it is a yellow cow that is pleasing to the eyes
• It is brilliant in texture
• It is now become harder to find
• The more questions they asked the harder it got

 

قَالُوا ادْعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ يُبَيِّنْ لَنَا مَا هِيَ إِنَّ الْبَقَرَ تَشَابَهَ عَلَيْنَا وَإِنَّا إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ لَمُهْتَدُونَ

• They said go out your Master for He will clarify it for us which cow it is
• This is confusing for us
• Verily for us all cows look alike
• If Allah wants we will be committed to guidance
• They blamed Allah for their misguidance
• We do not use In Sha Allah when making dua like this

 

قَالَ إِنَّهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّهَا بَقَرَةٌ لَا ذَلُولٌ تُثِيرُ الْأَرْضَ وَلَا تَسْقِي الْحَرْثَ مُسَلَّمَةٌ لَا شِيَةَ فِيهَا ۚ قَالُوا الْآنَ جِئْتَ بِالْحَقِّ ۚ فَذَبَحُوهَا وَمَا كَادُوا يَفْعَلُونَ

• Musa says it is Allah who is saying it is cow that is not yet domesticated
• It does not water the crop
• It is well built
• They said O now you came with the truth
• Some say they finally found this cow
• They did not do it sincerely
• A boy owned this cow with his mother
• Who inherited it from his father and he refused to sell it
• They paid for it in gold

 

وَإِذْ قَتَلْتُمْ نَفْسًا فَادَّارَأْتُمْ فِيهَا ۖ وَاللَّهُ مُخْرِجٌ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَكْتُمُونَ

• Then they slaughtered it and they almost could not do so
• Then you had killed the person
• You blamed each other
• And Allah is bringing is out what you had been hiding
• The meat was thrown upon the corpse of the murdered victim
• Then he came back to life and pointed at the murderer and went back to dead
• They had been hiding the truth even with the Prophet

 

فَقُلْنَا اضْرِبُوهُ بِبَعْضِهَا ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يُحْيِي اللَّهُ الْمَوْتَىٰ وَيُرِيكُمْ آيَاتِهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ

• Then we said to them strike it with the corpse
• This is how Allah brings the dead back to life
• And He shows you his miraculous signs
• So that you can apply your intellect
• So you can think clearly
• So you can put any emotional biases aside
• Your heart has to be clean to apply your intellect clearly

 

ثُمَّ قَسَتْ قُلُوبُكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ ذَٰلِكَ فَهِيَ كَالْحِجَارَةِ أَوْ أَشَدُّ قَسْوَةً ۚ وَإِنَّ مِنَ الْحِجَارَةِ لَمَا يَتَفَجَّرُ مِنْهُ الْأَنْهَارُ ۚ وَإِنَّ مِنْهَا لَمَا يَشَّقَّقُ فَيَخْرُجُ مِنْهُ الْمَاءُ ۚ وَإِنَّ مِنْهَا لَمَا يَهْبِطُ مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ ۗ وَمَا اللَّهُ بِغَافِلٍ عَمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ

• Then your hearts have become hard
• Even after the dead person came back to life
• Your hearts have become stone and even harder than stone
• Hearts became really stiff
• The heart has to become soft
• This way no light goes in and nothing comes out
• No advice or counsel will have any effect
• The heart and the mind are integrated
• Aqal means to tie something together
• The intellect is a means of restraint and a leash
• You hold yourself back from your emotions with your intellect
• When you are emotional you are not thinking clearly
• The previous ayah says why don’t you understand
• They don’t understand because their hearts are hardened
• Three kinds of rocks are compared with three kinds of hearts
• The hearts of Muslims, Mumin, and Mohsin
• These are people with different personalities like introverts and extroverts
• When a person is intellectual and a thinker Quran appeals to them easier
• With a person who is always busy and distracted faith takes time to enter their heart
• Water in this ayah is faith
• Some rocks or hearts gush forth with iman/water
• Some rocks or hearts split open after some cracking they need to be shaken
• Some rocks or hearts just fall from the fear of Allah
• Allah gave this example to Bani Israel that is relevant to them