Imam Abu Hanifa
Abu He was brought up in the city of Kufa
Kufa is 6 miles away from Nagf along the banks of Euphrates River
Euphrates river is one of the rivers of Jannah
Kufa, Basra, and Baghdad are major cities there
Kufa is a city that developed in Islam
It was conquered during time of Umar bin Khattab in 636 AH
Kufa was named after Umar
Umar sent Saad bin Abi Waqas to Kufa
Saad Bin Abi Waqas would develop civilizations
The People of Kufa gave Saad a very hard time
No governor could handle Kufa
Umar then replaced saad with Amr Al Yassir and Ibn Masood
Umar said I am sending Ibn Masood to Kufa despite he needed Ibn Masood
It was the last straw with people of Kufa
Ibn Masood develops Kufa into the city of Quran
People of Kufa loved Ibn Masood
5 Quran recitations originate from Kufa
Umar sent Mughirah bin Shuba as governor to Kufa
After Umar Uthman replaced Mughirah with Waleed bin Uqbah
Then Kufa became a place of Fitnah
The Khawarrite came out from there
Kufa revolted against Uthman
Ali goes to Kufa and moves the Khalifah there
But it did not go well
Ali was assissnated in the masjid of Kufa by the Khawriite
Khalifa goes to Hasan and Muawwaih
Muawwiah establishes Khalifa in Sham
Muawwiah is beginning of Ummayad dynasty
Kufa never like Banu Ummayah
When Yazeed took over, Kufa betrayed Hussein
Kufa houses graves of early supporters of Hussein like Muslim bin Akeel
Banu Ummayah would subject the people of Kufa
Ummayah Dynasty is a very disturbing Khalifa
Three groups arose in that time
The Alawees - the supporters of Ali and the Prophet's Family (Asad Regimme today originated from this)
The Abbasids - the descendants of Abdullah Ibn Abbas (supported by Alwawees
Khawaritte - they killed everyone, called Muslims disbelievers
Kufa and Basra contained all these groups
Qadariya those that believed Quran was created
Greek Philosophy makes it way to Kufa
Kufa was a very puristic society
Abu Hanifa is born into this environment
Ulema were not allowed to be involved in Politics
The three major schools
Ahle Hadees - the people of Hadith (it dominated Madinah, Egypt, Sham, parts of Iraq, and Yemen) they took a strict Hadith approach to fiqh
Ahle Rawi - the people of opinion, use of reasoning and logic, the used excessive reasoning and logic
Zaharis - based on literal interpretation of the text, founded by Dawood ibn Ali from Kufa the opposite of people of Rawi
The scholars of Madinah were more honor and respected
Ahle Hadees continues all the way to Bukhari
Kufa was exposed to a lot
There was a lot of fabrication of Hadith in Kufa
People in Hejaz and Gulf were away from city life
Kufa was more of a city and had developed
Ahle Hadees and Ahle Rawi had a lot of disagreements and arguments
Racists Hadith came from Kufa
These Imams took the best practices of each of these schools
The People of Madinah included the Sahaba and their children
People of Kufa was deluded with so many different ideologies
Non Arabs took control over scholarship
Isa bin Musa was a proud Arab and he said who is the leader of the scholars in Iraq
He said Hasan Al Basri
All the scholars he find out about was non Arab in Iraq, Makkah, and Madinah
First scholar of Makkah was a person from Sudan
Isa bin Musa got upset and started to pace and said what happened to Arabs
He was told there of some scholars in Kufa that were Arab and he was relieved
Prophet sat with the Sahaba and he taught them Surah Jumuah
Those who will join them that have not yet joined
Prophet pointed to Salman Al Farsi and said he is from those other people
Meaning one of the Persians a man who could reach the stars
Persians played an important in the development of Islam
Salman Al Farsi is like family to the Prophet
Abu Hanifa was born in Kufa 73 AH
He died in Baghdad
Abu Hanifa was most likely a Tabiah who may have met with Anas bin Malik
His Father name is Thabit bin Zuta bin Marsuban
His father was from Kabul, Afghanistan
His father came to Islam as a freed slave
The grandson of Abu Hanifa said we are from the freed children of Persia
Ali bin Abu Talib made dua for the Grandfather of Abu Hanifa
Ibn Masood influenced the Hanafi Fiqh the most
Thabit was walking and saw a tree of fruit and grabbed it and ate it
Then he felt bad and went to the owner
The owner said marry my daughter
The owner said my daughter is deaf, mute, blind, and Dumb
Thabit said he will think about then agreed to it
Thabit entered upon this women and was shocked
She said I am deaf to all haram
I am blind to haram, I am mute from speaking haram,
I am ignorant of non beneficial knowledge
Then Abu Hanifa is born from them
Abu Hanifa's name was Nouman bin Thabit
He was very tall and handsome and brown color
He had mark of sujood on his forehead and had mark of tears
He wore the best of clothes
He was always laughing and smiling a very easy going person
Imam Abu Hanifa was very wealthy
Thabit was a silk trader and Abu Hanifa helped his father in business
Abu Hanifa looked at a piece of cloth and could tell everything about it
Abu Hanifa was very skilled at making patterns for clothing
Abu Hanifa went with his father in business from age 5
Thabit will only earn halal rizq
He will not change his prices a very honest businessman he had a lot of taqwa
He did not take advantage of his customers
He never made a profit off of a poor person and sold to him at cost price
He never sold defective products
Abu Hanifa only sold at fixed prices
Abu Hanifa had a lot of dignity and respect
He never praised his own products
Hamad praised a garment and Abu Hanifa said I cannot sell it
A women came to sell Abu Hanifa a garment
The women mentioned a price and Abu Hanifa said no it is worth more
Abu Hanifa brought the other shop owner and said how much is this worth
He said 500 and bought it from the women
Abu Hanifa had a business partner that watched over a shop
Abu Hanifa told him about defect about the product
When Abu Hanifa came back he did not see the garment
He sold that garment and forgot to show it
Abu Hanifa did not know who it was and he gave all his profit for that day
and he fired his business partner
He was so afraid of haram money coming in
Abu Hanifa would give his son 10 dirhams and would give to to the poor
Every Friday Abu Hanifa would give 20 dinar of charity on behalf of his parents
Someone owed Abu Hanifa 10,000 dirhams and the man feared seeing Abu Hanifa
Abu Hanifa asked forgiveness for the man and forgave his loan or gave him extra time
Abu Hanifa did not benefit from a shade of a person who owed him money because he feared it would be interest
Ali bin Talib said each person would need $4,000 dirhams a day
Abu Hanifa would keep 4,000 dirhams and give the rest to charity
People in the marketplace would talk about religion and politics
Abu Hanifa gained a reputation of being a bright young man
It was the time of Hajaj
Abu Hanifa loved and met Zaeed ibn Jubair
Saeed was killed by Hajaj
Amr bin Shabi was called the popular imam and he was hilarious
He was very sharp and intelligent and very easy going
He would always joke around
Someone asked what was Iblis wife name and he said I don't know he did not invite me to the wedding
He was asked while he was walking with his wife and people asked are you shabi
He said no my wife is
He drew a circle outside the door
When people came he wife pointed at door and said he is not here right now
Abu Hanifa was asked where do you go to study with
Shabi told him do not spend your life as a heedless man
I see in you ambition and energy
Abu Hanifa loved the advice he said and acted upon it
A good word is better than charity
Abu Hanifa said he wanted to study fiqh
the one who studies Fiqh interacts with the people understands there issues and finds solution for them in Quran and Sunnah
Abu Hanifa was directed to Hamad bin Abi Suleiman to study fiqh
Abu Hanifa did not like to debate with the people
Because you try to make the other person a kafr
Abu Hanifa said to deemed a 1000 disbelievers are believers is better than to say one believer is a disbeliever
Abu Hanifa continued to be a successful businessman
He did not want to be dependent on anyone
Then he can speak about any issue freely
Abu Hanifa said you do not learn true trust and taqwa until you own a business
If you do not fear Allah then it will show in your money
Abu Hanifa would buy clothes for his students
Abu Hanifa dresses nicely because he is being grateful to Allah
Then people do not feel bad for you
He wanted people to know we were dignified
If the kings knew where true happiness comes from they will take it from us
Hamad bin Abu Suleiman was 9 years older than Abu Hanifa
Abu Hanifa said he became his student for 10 years
Then he became a scholar
He decided to have his won halaqa
He went out and told Hamad he was gonna do his own thing
His nafs did not want to leave Hamad
One day one of his family members passed away in Basra
Hamad had to leave for Basra
Hamad told Abu Hanifa to sit in his place
Abu Hanifa heard questions and he would respond to his answers
He gave 60 answers and agreed with 40 and disagreed with 20
Abu Hanifa stayed with Hamad until his death
Abu Hanifa would sit in the back at first
Then Hamad told him to come sit in the front
Then Hamad told him to sit next to him
Hamad would buy things for Abu Hanifa
Abu Hanifa served Hamad in the house of Hamad
Abu Hanifa would go to Hamad's house and asked question
Abu Hanifa became secretary of Hamad
Hamad cried when he missed Abu Hanifa
They loved each other and had respect
Hamad lived 7 blocks away from Abu Hanifa
Abu Hanifa never stretched his legs towards his house
Abu Hanifa made dua for Hamad in every salah
Abu Hanifa made dua for all his teachers and students and parents
Hamad passed away at the age of 49 years old
Abu Hanifa moved into the spot of Hamad
There was no argument who the best student was
Abu Hanifa continued to be a student
Abu Hanifa went to Ibrahim Al Naqia and Shaibi to study from them
He met the mufti of Makkah
He met Nafe the freed slave of Ibn Umar and learned from him
He studied with the Family member of the Prophet
He learned from Imam Jafar
There are four men that read the whole Quran in one Quran
Uthman bin Affan, Tameem Al Was Daar, Saeed bin Jubair, Abu Hanifa
Abu Hanifa went to Makkah and made Tawaf constantly
Abu Hanifa made Hajj 55 times
He travelled the Muslim world and great influence on the people
Abu Hanifa was called a pole because of his long Qiyam
Abu Hanifa was walking in the street and a kid told him are you the one who never sleeps at night
He kept the same wudu for Isha to Fajr
Abu Hanifa kept on foot of a child and the child said aren't you afraid of he day of judgment
Abu Hanifa was really shaken by that
He was afraid Allah made him say that to him
He was once praying Isha in Masjid Kufa and Imam read surah zalzalah
Abu Hanifa started to cry and make dua
the guard of the masjid needed to close the door and put out the candles
The guard just left him there
The Muazzin came to do Azan for fajr and he was still making dua
He was called Abu Hanifa because it meant the father of ink
the guard was shocked and said do you realize what time it is
He said no
Then he told the man not to tell anyone about this
The man told everyone
Abu Hanifa would not ask people for favors
He maintained his own independence
Heb had great humility
Thabit passed away at a young age
Abu Hanifa took his mother to the masjid with him
His mother says she is not sure if she can go to masjid had blood on her clothes
Abu Hanifa said its ok and his mother said how do you know
His mother goes to student of Abu Hanifa
His student goes to Abu Hanifa and asked him
Abu Hanifa said tell her the answer and don't tell her I said it
Abu Hanifa sat in the masjid and he said Hasan Al Basri made a mistake
A man got up and got angry and left
Abu Hanifa said he did not let me finish
Hasan Al Basri made a mistake and Ibn Masood said this
Abu Hanifa would make dua for people who didn't like him
He said O Allah has his hearts constricted because of us make our hearts open top to them
Abu Hanifa never backbited anyone not even his enemy
He was too smart to ruin all the good he did with his backbiting
Abu Hanifa had a drunk neighbor who would make lots of noise at night
Abu Hanifa would hear it and would make dua for him
Abu Hanifa realized the man is not crying out after two nights
He knocked on his door and he did not answer
He was troubled and went to the khalifa
He was told that his neighbor was put in prison
Abu Hanifa freed him from the prison with 85,000 dirhams
the young man comes out and is shocked
Abu Hanifa laughs and says did we forgot about you and abandon you
that young man become a person always in the first row and taught fiqh
Abu Hanifa was humble with the people
Abu Hanifa used to make everyone around him feel comfortable
Abu Hanifa would listen to the concerns of the people and advise them
Abu Hanifa would spend his mornings in zikr
Abu Hanifa would ask the people how is so and so
Abu Hanifa would visit the sick people
Abu Hanifa never missed a janaza from his students or family
No one disturbed him at night
Abu Hanifa would make jokes
A man came to him and said if I am swimming in the river do I have to face the qibla
Abu Hanifa laughed and said I would watch my clothes
Allah praises the intellect in almost every surah
Abu Hanifa is brilliant in debating with people
Abu Hanifa debated with an atheist
Abu Hanifa came late to the debate
He said he went out and waited for wind to blow
And for boat to be assembled
the man said do you expect me to believe that
Abu Hanifa said you expect me to believe that all this came from nothing
but you can't believe a ship came from nothing
In the marketplace a man came from the romans
He said who was there before Allah
What direction does Allah face
What is Allah doing right now
Abu Hanifa went and told him to count from 10 to 1 backwards
There is nothing before 1 and no one is before Allah
When you light a candle it lights the entire room and does not face any direction
Allah is the light of the heavens and the earth
Abu Hanifa asks to set up above him because no one could hear him
Abu Hanifa said Allah is honoring a noble man and disgracing a humiliated man
Abu Hanifa came across the Khawartiie
He knocked on door and asked to propose to his daughter
He said he is the most handsome and richest and from best lineage
There is one issue he is a Jew
Abu Hanifa said Prophet married two daughters to a Jew and you do not want to marry your daughter to a Jew
Abu Hanifa walked with his students and came to a checkpoint of Khawaruute
Abu Hanifa recites if anyone of the disbelievers seeks your protection
then grant him your protection
They protected Abu Hanifa became they believed he was a disbeliever
A man came and said I can't find my money
Abu Hanifa said go home and keep praying
Then he found it because Devil reminds you everything of the duniya
Abu Hanifa was a very loving teacher
He would say to seek forgiveness for your teachers
And keep visiting the people of knowledge and frequently visit the graves
Frequently visit the two harams
Abu Hanifa would raise his students to debate with him
Abu Hanifa has 36 students that are his companions
Abu Yusuf and Zufur surpassed Abu Hanifa
Zufur is the student of Abu Hanifa
Zufur is the highest of Abu Hanifa students and the oldest
When Abu Hanifa passed away Zufur passed away shortly after
Abu Yusuf or Yaqoob bin Ibrahim was second greatest student of Abu Hanifa
He came from a good household
He had complete sentences at age of 2 years old
Abu Hanifa said he will raise Abu Yusuf to a status that kings will take care if him
Abu Hanifa cared for all expenses of him and his family
Abu Hanifa sent him to learn from Imam Malik
Abu Yusuf became the head of all judges in time of Abbasia
Harun Rasheed one time made dum talaq oath
He said if you can leave my kingdom today you are divorced
Abu Yusuf said tell her to sleep in the masjid so the divorce will not count
the masjid was not his kingdom
Abu Yusuf wrote taxation laws
Muhammad ibn Hasan Al Shaibani
Shaibani was a great scholar
He was only 18 when Abu Hanifa died
When Abu Hanifa passed away he dedicated to Abu Yusuf
Shaibani spread the Hanafi Madhab throughout the Muslim world
Abu Hanifa first saw him and told him to memorize the Quran
Shaibani 6 books in the Hanafi Madhab
All the schools of thought were children of Abu Hanafi
many problems were solved when Imam Malik met Abu Hanafi
Both were covered in sweat
Abu Hanafi said Imam Malik is from the lineage of Prophet
Imam Malik said Abu Hanafi is very knowledgeable
Both of them honored and respected each other
His students went to Imam Malik after Abu Hanafi
Loving Abu Hanafi is like loving the sunnah
Abu Hanafi is most like Imam Ahmad
They were part of politics
Abu Hanafi supported the uprising against Banu Ummayah
It was led by Zain bin Ali bin Hussein Bin Ali bin Abu Talib
Zain started a revolt against Hesham bin Abdul Malik
This revolt was in the year 121 AH
Abu Hanafi likened this revolt to the Battle of Badr
Abu Hanafi did not fight with him because of the trust to the people
He entrusted Abu Layla to take over but he did not take it
If the people were not to betray him he would fight with him
Abu Hanifa supported him and sent him 10,000 dirhams
Zain bin Ali was killed in year 132 AH
His son Yahya started revolt and was killed
And his son started a revolt and was killed as well
Banu Abbas rose up and the Khawarrite rose up as well
Banu Ummayah tortured Abu Hanifa
Abu Hanifa was appointed as a treasurer to show where his support was
Abu Hanifa said no
Abu Hanafi was imprisoned and tortured to the point of death
Abu Hanafi fled to Makkah
Abbasids revolt agains the Ummayyah successfully
132 AH Abbas overthrew the Ummayah in Sham and Andulus
Abu Hanafi supported the Abbasis and came back to Iraq
the first Khalifa of Abbas was As Saffa who blood thirsty
He had great hatred for Ummayah
Abu Hanifa arrives in Kufa and says All praise to Allah who allowed the truth to rise
And took away the oppression from us
Abu Hanifa we will follow you as long as you follow the Quran and Sunnah
Abdullah ibn Hasan was contemporary of Imam Malik
Great scholar of Hadith and from family of Prophet
Abu Jafar feared his scholarship
Abdullah's two sons were parts of overthrow of Ummayah
His sons went to hiding from Abu Jafar
Abu Jafar asked Abdullah where are your sons
H said I don't know and even if I knew I won't tell you
He tortured him
Another revolt happened that even Imam Malik supported
Abu Jafar dragged the family of Prophet in chains
Abassi established Khalifah in Baghdad
Abu Jafar imprisons Abu Hanifa a second time and tortures him
Then he passes away
Abu Hanifa did not want to be bury in any place taken unjustly
And not any place purchased in interest
He passes away 150 AH
There were 6 Janazas with over 50,000 people each
Abu Hanifa did not defend his work writing his students did
Abu Hanifa invited people to contribute and derive their opinions
First Usool is the Quran
Abu Hanifa would look at the ayah as it was referred to
He would rather take a general rule than a specific incident
It is allowed for non muslims to enter masjid al haram in Hanafi Fiqh
Second Usool is the Sunnah
Abu Hanifa lived in a context where Hadith was being fabricated
Abu Hanaifa was not much knowledgeable in Hadith
Muhammad ibn Baqif met with Abu Hanifa and said you rejected Hadith
Abu Hanifa said no I never rejected a Hadith
Muhammad bin Baqif was grandson of Prophet
Third Usool was statement of the companions
Abu Hanifa could pick between sahaba
Abu Hanifa preferred the opinion of Ibn Masood Ali bin Abu Talib
They lived in Kufa and understood there context
Ibn Masood the most
Fourth Usool using analogy in your reasoning Al Qais
Finding reason for particular ayah or Hadith and use it to apply at other situation
Pregnant women and sick women about making up days of fasting
6th Usool Jurudistic Preference
a scholar can give preference to another because his heart feels comfortable
7th Usool something used for good or bad
If someone is in difficulty you find loop holes for people to get out
delaying the asr salah
not raising your hands over and over
Abu Hanifa said take from where we took
and to contribute to this madhab
Abu Yusuf and Shaibani were two great shaykhs of Hanafi Fiqh
the two parties
Abassi adopted the Hanafi Madhab after the passing of Abu Hanifa
Abu Yusuf became a judge for Harun Rasheed
It started in Iraq and went to mostly minorities
It spread to Asia and china
Spain and North Africa was not touched by it
Fatimids in Egypt wanted to eradicate the Hanafi Madhab
Salauhdeen brought the Madhab back despite he was Shafi
in Haramain all four schools of thought are taught
Ottoman Empire adopted the Hanafi Madhab
there was great conflict between Hanafi and Shafi
Imams did not intend that conflict
Books to read in Hanafi Madhab
Fiqh Islami by Akram Nadawi
Muktasar Quduri